Melanin, the pigment that exist on the skin, giving your skin color. Dark-skinned people have more melanin than the bright-skinned people. Melanin, which is produced by cells called melanocytes, also serves as a natural sunscreen that protects skin from ultraviolet rays.
Most people associate hyperpigmentation of the skin with skin damage due to sunlight. Underneath it all, there are other factors that cause hyperpigmentation, including hormonal changes, inflammation, diseases, and drugs.
Sun Exposure
The main cause of hyperpigmentation is sun exposure. Ultraviolet rays stimulate melanocytes to produce more melanin. The more content of melanin in the skin, the darker the color of your skin. If your skin has too much melanin content, the condition is referred to as hyperpigmentation, your skin will have dark spots are clearly visible.
We recommend that you prevent hyperpigmentation of the skin look more beautiful and clean. Here’s an easy way to prevent hyperpigmentation:
Limiting the time you spend in the sun, wear protective clothing, including hat and sunglasses, and using a sunscreen with an SPF of at least 15 resistance (although 30 or higher will offer better protection) throughout the year.
Hormone Changes
Hormones can cause all sorts of strange things happen in your body. Body, especially women, are highly vulnerable to fluctuations in hormones such as during pregnancy, while taking birth control pills or undergoing hormone therapy, or during certain disease.
One such phenomenon is a hormone produced melasma, pigmentation disorder that usually occurs commonly during pregnancy. Such as postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, melasma (also known as mask of pregnancy) were more likely to affect people with darker skin color and tend to appear on the cheeks, nose, forehead, chin and upper lip is brown or grayish brown patches. Melasma usually disappears after pregnancy (or the cessation of birth control pills). If not, your dermatologist can treat with topical steroid creams, skin lighteners, chemical peels or laser treatments.
Inflammation
Another common cause of hyperpigmentation is an inflammation that usually occurs when the skin is injured by the wound, scrape, burn, or exposure to chemicals or with acne, eczema, or psoriasis.
The cause of hyperpigmentation is not due to injury, but the healing process. You might have experienced postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, where the area around the injury turns dark, like a scar. This color can last for months or years or maybe even permanently. Early treatment of the original injury is the best method of prevention, but there are steps you can take in the future to try to diminish the area around the wound, such as chemical peels, microdermabrasion, and skin lighteners. Keep in mind that postinflammatory hyperpigmentation is more likely to affect people with skin darker than normal skin and sun exposure may be making matters worse.
Disease and Drugs
Hyperpigmentation can also be symptoms of autoimmune diseases and certain gastrointestinal and metabolic disorders and vitamin deficiencies. And there are a number of drugs can cause hyperpigmentation, including the treatment of certain hormones, antibiotics, antimalarial drugs, antiseizure drugs, antiarrhythmics, and others. Consult with your doctor about potential side effects of medications you take.
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